Comparing the Secular Humanist, Machiavelli and the Religious Humanist,

Comparing the Secular Humanist, Machiavelli and the Religious Humanist, Erasmus One can often identify a person's political, religious or cultural orientation by his or her reaction to certain words. A case in point is the expression "secular humanism." For religious conservatives those words sum up much of what is wrong with contemporary society. Webster's Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary gives several definitions for humanism, a word which made its appearance in 1832. The first is "a devotion to the humanities or the revival of class, individualistic and critical spirit, and emphasis on secular concerns characteristic of the Renaissance." Renaissance is capitalized. Another definition reads as follows: "a doctrine, attitude, or way of life centered on human interests or values, especially a philosophy that usually rejects supernaturalism and stresses an individual's dignity and worth and capacity for self-realization through reason." Ousted from power and in exile from Florence, the city where he had served as a diplomat, Niccolà ² Machiavelli wrote a famous how-to-do politics book called The Prince. That was nearly 500 years ago and yet it holds a prophetic relevance for own age. Machiavelli fits both parts of our definition of humanism. On one hand, he was versed in the classics and inspired by his study of the government of Republican Rome and his own experience; thus he fits into the Renaissance period. On the other hand, he could be called a secular humanist because he rejects the authority of religion; he trusts his own reason and informs us that he will deal only with "the truth of the matter as facts show it" (34). Most people today would agree with him that the state needs to restrict the power of the church. ... ...nt that held the political power. Machiavelli saw the need for liberation--liberation from religious ideology; what counted in politics was getting the job done. Religion was unnecessary, only to be used as a kind of smoke screen for the real business at hand. Erasmus' used scholarship and wit to attack ignorance and corruption. He did not give up on the establishment nor did he turn his back on his faith. Both blind religious faith and cynical secularism threaten us today. Because I live in a society that claims to be religious, but operates according to secular principles I suppose that I fear the latter more. The current disillusionment with politics shows all too well that Machiavelli has, in a sense, won. We assume that morality and religious convictions do not play an important role in politics. We are only beginning to reap the fruits of that victory.

Fish Cheeks

I fell in love with the minister's son the winter I turned fourteen. He was not Chinese, but as white as Mary in the manger. For Christmas I prayed for this blond-haired boy, Robert, and a slim new American nose. When I found out that my parents had invited the minister's family over for Christmas Eve dinner, I cried. What would Robert think of our shabby Chinese Christmas? What would he think of our noisy Chinese relatives who lacked proper American manners? What terrible disappoint-ment would he feel upon seeing not a roasted turkey and sweet potatoes but Chinese food?On Christmas Eve I saw that my mother had outdone herself in creating a strange menu. She was pulling black veins out of the backs of fleshy prawns. The kitchen was littered with appalling mounds of raw food: A slimy rock cod with bulging eyes that pleaded not to be thrown into a pan of hot oil. Tofu, which looked like stacked wedges of rubbery white sponges. A bowl soaking dried fungus back to life. A plate of squid, their backs crisscrossed with knife markings so they resembled bicycle tires. And then they arrived – the minister's family and all my relatives in a clamor of doorbells and rumpled Christmas packages.Robert grunted hello, and I pretended he was not worthy of existence. Dinner threw me deeper into despair. My relatives licked the ends of their chopsticks and reached across the table, dipping them into the dozen or so plates of food. Robert and his family waited patiently for platters to be passed to them. My relatives murmured with pleasure when my mother brought out the whole steamed fish. Robert grimaced. Then my father poked his chopsticks just below the fish eye and plucked out the soft meat. â€Å"Amy, your favorite,† he said, offering me the tender fish cheek.I wanted to disappear. At the end of the meal my father leaned back and belched loudly, thanking my mother for her fine cooking. â€Å"It's a polite Chinese custom to show you are satisfied,† explain ed my father to our astonished guests. Robert was looking down at his plate with a reddened face. The minister managed to muster up a quiet burp. I was stunned into silence for the rest of the night. After everyone had gone, my mother said to me, â€Å"You want to be the same as American girls on the outside. † She handed me an early gift.It was a miniskirt in beige tweed. â€Å"But inside you must always be Chinese. You must be proud you are different. Your only shame is to have shame. † And even though I didn't agree with her then, I knew that she understood how much I had suffered during the evening's dinner. It wasn't until many year later – long after I had gotten over my crush on Robert – that I was able to fully appreciate her lesson and the true purpose behind our particular menu. For Christmas Eve that year, she had chosen all my favorite foods.

Computer science coursework Merit Essay Essay

Record shops, cinemas, radio stations, video rental stores and even libraries are losing customers to the global trend that is OIS (Online Information Sharing – the official MPAA and RIAA term for internet piracy). It once used to be a common sight to see small record shops filled with teens picking their favourite artists’ new records from the well stacked shelves, paying at the desk, discussing music with others and making new discoveries. It was not uncommon for people to buy or rent VHS tapes or sit at home listening to the radio. Piracy of course was alive here, the market for pirate radio, pirate tapes and pirated videos was enormous, the difference between then and today? Equipment. Nearly every person below 40 has a computer in MEDCs and also has the knowledge to ‘share’ everything they want from their media collection with others. The most significant difference between the days of pirate radio and the days of worldwide networking is that you no longer need to know how it works to do it; millions of parents mindlessly expose their young kids to P2P networks such as KaZaA and LimeWire which are full of adult content, viruses and include open chat programs which might allow sexual predators access to their children. The first consumer P2P (peer-to-peer) network of note (others such as MC2 , Direct Connect and TinyP2P had existed before but were not widely adopted by the average user) called Napster allowed only for the sharing of music files such as WAVE and . mp3 (leading to MPEG 3 becoming the most popular music format in years to come). This was the most organised piracy or the time among teenagers and young adults through the internet but had problems in terms of the danger that faced the user (being caught) in that the centralized nature of the service meant that the server not only listed the files bring shared by members but all of the files passed through it in an effort to prevent the proliferation of malicious programs. This was extremely bad news for the user as Napster now had the IP address of each and every user, an integral flaw which would come back to bite the company and its user base later on before it could change it’s process and remove the evidence from its servers. Napster had finally made stealing music easy but was considered flawed by many in the IT community who wanted easier methods of sharing software, video and text files and a safer method of sharing music. Audiogalaxy was the first mainstream centralized P2P client that was capable (although not by design) of sharing any kind of file whatsoever, it gained popularity after the downfall of Napster and was the first time that the MPAA took note of file sharing software as connections became more capable of allowing fast download of high quality video. Audiogalaxy only indexed *. mp3 files, the obvious way round this limitation was found quickly: by (for example) naming a *. exe piece of software from â€Å"tree. exe† to â€Å"tree exe . mp3†. This made AG extremely useful for illegal distribution of both legally and illegally purchased data between users with experience in CGI and Batch (CGI parameters had to be edited to share non mp3 files) but was not as popular as eDonkey2000 (another P2P later to become known as eMule) program which did not have the security limitations of previous P2P clients as it was much faster to decentralize and allow open sharing and indexing. Especially in the case of Napster, facilitating thousands of minor crimes led to a series of lawsuits launched by musicians against the company (Metallica, Dr.Dre, Madonna) but received praise from other artists (Radiohead, Dispatch, Editors) for allowing distribution of singles prior to an album’s release. Eventually a larger lawsuit was filed against the company which eventually resulted in bankruptcy after a lawsuit (which inadvertently increased the service’s user numbers) filed by the RIAA resulting in Napster closing down their network and being blocked from selling the company without liquidating assets under Chapter 7 of the US Bankruptcy Act meaning that the company was forced to close. The name was later sold to Swedish pornography company PMG who run it as a paid for service using similar looking software. AudioGalaxy was also sued and shut down as it’s out of court settlement rendered the service effectively useless and resulted in the service’s user base abandoning it en masse – as a result AG too, opened a pay service to distribute music. In efforts to decentralize and avoid federal prosecution, modern networks designed for file sharing are de-centralized, often encrypted and use proxies to disguise IP addresses, for these reasons modern networks make it much less likely for a user to be discovered and served with a court order or other legal reprimand. A de-centralized system does not have a server which holds the files but instead a server that indexes a list of all available files rather than storing them. Most modern p2p systems also use (as mentioned previously) a process of encryption and proxy servers to make them untraceable. The servers often do not ask uploaders and downloaders of content to register accounts as they have previously done, this prevents user name linking: a process that the CIA reportedly used wherein they would search a napster username through a series of websites trying to gain personal data on a pirate in order to find and prosecute them. Another security feature of modern P2P protocols is the streaming swarm structure which works on a ‘rarest first’ basis, splitting files into multiple ‘parts’ and downloading these parts (to be reconstructed into a usable file on the leech (downloading) computer) rather than an actual file. As none of these individual parts is usable as the intended finished product on it’s own Swedish law allows the redistribution under it’s own piracy laws – for this reason, the most prolific pirating groups are based in the country. One such group is the Swedish pirate political party called Piratbyran, the Piratbyran, (whose motto ‘Pirate and Proud’ has itself caused problems for the group) this organised group has demanded that (along with the Pirates website piratgruppen. org) pirates be treated ‘fairly’ by the law of the world as they believe they have the right to appraise things and decide if they are worth purchasing before doing so. For this reason, Piratbyran have set up Kopimi, a copywright alternative (said ‘copyme’) which declares other’s right to use your work as they see fit (this being a more extreme version of many other previously concocted alternatives like creative commons which permit a user the right to use works for non commercial reasons of their choice) for anything at all. The group also used Bram Cohen’s bit torrent protocol and created the world’s largest ‘tracker’ – a website that indexes all of the files available through the protocol which is called ThePirateBay. com (a. k. a. TPB), this site is distributed in over 20 languages and is currently the most popular tracker for the most advanced, secure and efficient protocol that is commercially available at this time. They are however intending to create their own protocol to remove their reliance in Bram Cohen (the creator) who has recently cut distribution deals with Hollywood film studios and is believed to be considering taking the protocol commercial. Governments across the world are certainly taking note, shown in hundreds of adverts which have only proven ineffective thus far. In the USA and the UK the governments have been running multiple adverts against piracy on legally purchased DVD videos and Blu ray / High Definition DVDs which are fairly useless: the advert assumes ‘You wouldn’t steal†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ and lists a series of items before telling you piracy is a crime and showing w young girl getting up from her computer where she is downloading a film and walking out of the door. Most people tend to be offended at the fact that, after legally paying for something, they are forced to watch an advert telling them not to steal. This string of adverts alone has caused a series of parody adverts which take off the script of the original â€Å"You might steal a book†¦ † and even inspired a film called ‘Steal this movie’. Of course there are also positive sides to the increase in stealing and sharing among internet users, the little guy for example is heard far more than the major executive, companies are embracing the freedom culture and popular bands are pre releasing their albums for free to gain fan support. Sharing is even curing cancer! A largely adopted project (Folding@Home) launched by a US university is folding protein strings over a massive decentralized network in an effort to discover a cancer cure or prevention in lieu of the supercomputer they would normally require. Those passing records about in the early days probably never saw that coming when they connected their first networks! Back in the early 1980s, piracy (albeit not online) was rife amongst office workers and the computer competent, these early criminals would exchange software through floppy disk and share records between each other. As the 90s started and the first networks were being created within offices, the stealing only increased as files could be copied between computer terminals via cable rather than by hand. Now, with the age of the internet: it is estimated that over 300 million of the world’s population routinely steal information and data over the internet with millions more borrowing DVDs and books from each other, whether or not these people are stealing more or less because of the internet is unquestionable, with our ability to access millions and millions of people we are able to share and steal far more than we previously could have done and this only provides incentive to give and take more than we would normally have done in a spirit of world community that is evoked by groups that exist in this sphere such as piratgruppen and the piratbyran.

The Catcher In The Rye Essays - J. D. Salinger, Literary Realism

The Catcher In The Rye Essays - J. D. Salinger, Literary Realism The Catcher in the Rye I. Critical Biography J.D. Salinger is an American author who wrote the famous novel "The Catcher in the Rye." It was written in 1951, (encyclopedia, Pg. 60). It ranks as a minor classic. This story is popular among American high school and college students. Salinger was born in New York City in 1919. His full name is Jarome David Salinger. Salinger has written several other books in his life. Salinger wrote some later fiction that centered on the Glass Family. These books included Franny and Zooey, Rise High the Roof Beam, and Carpenters on Seymore. He writes extremely comical books. II. Synopsis The book "The Catcher in the Rye," was an interesting novel. It includes a teenage boy named Holden. Holden just got kicked out of a prep school named Pensey, because he did not keep his grades up. He knew he was going home that next week. One night a few days before he was getting sent home he left the school. He really had no idea where he was going. He couldn't go home because he wasn't sure whether his parents knew he was kicked out of Pensey or not. First off he goes to a hotel to stay. He had many experiences that night. One example was when he had a prostitute in his room at one minute and was getting beat up the next. Needless to say he had some bad experiences that night. He was in search of self-understanding and the meaning of life. Holden is trying to decide what to do with his life and where to go. He finally goes home to see his sister, with whom he feels close to. He thinks of going west and being a deaf-mute. When he is all packed up to go, he leaves a note with his sister at the school. She meets him and tells him that she is going with him. He tells her no. Then he realizes that the idea of this trip was unrealistic. He goes home and sees his parents. His parents enrolled into another school. III Analysis of the Theme This story teaches a good lesson on how to deal with situations in life the right way. In this story Holden runs from his problems to make them better. I saw all the trouble that it got him into. First he should have stayed in school or at least gone home to face his parents after he was kicked out. Holden was in search of himself. He wanted to see what he could do or be. He went about it all the wrong way. He should have applied himself at the first school that he went to and prevent so many problems. Then he would go further quicker. I learned not to run from your problems because they will always catch up with you. IV. Character The main character in this story is Holden. He is a teenage boy that is having a hard time staying in school. He is not the conceited type or the really shy type. He was really confused and had no idea what direction his life should follow when he went to Pencey Prep. He had to find out who he was on his little adventure when he left Pencey. It seemed like everything depressed him. He really learns fast. In about two days he went from wondering where he was going to get it all back together. He realized who and what was important to him. He is a pretty smart and level headed guy. He learned quite a bunch on this little adventure. He had a different way of looking at things than most people. Everything is really depressing to him. The most important person in his life is his sister. He had a few girlfriends along the way, but he did not know how to get along with them very well. V. Conclusion This was a really good novel. It is the type of book that once you pick it up you cannot put it down. It has many good characters in this book. The values in this book are great. It has valuable lessons in it. It relates to many teenagers. That is probably why it is popular among high school and college students. I was really impressed by and enjoyed this book. I definitely see why it is on the list. I would recommend this book to all my friends. This is one of the best books that I have read. This has many life lessons in this book that I can relate to. The lessons in this book will really help

Evaluate the Market Research Method Used by a Selected Organization Research Paper Example

Evaluate the Market Research Method Used by a Selected Organization Research Paper Example Evaluate the Market Research Method Used by a Selected Organization Paper Evaluate the Market Research Method Used by a Selected Organization Paper Evaluate the Market Research Method Used by a Selected Organization BY nali143 Dl evaluate the market research method used by a selected organisation Introduction I am going to evaluate the market research methods IVe used in P3 to carry out my marketing research into the restaurant industry; I will talk about the strength and weaknesses of the methods. In addition I will also give recommendations for improving the methods and Justifications for improving them. Criteria Strengths Weaknesses Recommendation from improving the method Justification for improving the method Questionnaires The strength of questionnaires is it can give an insight into respondents thoughts and opinions and also cost efficient as it is inexpensive. The weakness of questionnaire would be that respondents may be influenced the researcher and therefore compromise its validity. In addition questionnaires must be kept short to avoid confusing the respondent. To improve the method of questionnaires in my research would be to use a bigger sample size than 20 as it does not give a much broader insight into peoples opinions. The reason I would need to improve and use a bigger sample size is that 20 sample sizes does not give much insight into peoples houghts and opinions as its too small and to improve my results I would need use a much bigger sample size maybe 300 at least. Office for National statistics (ONS) The strength of using ONS statistics is that its a reliable source and well researched and doubled checked to make sure its correct. The weakness of ONS would be that it is time consuming as ONS produces wide range statistics from economy to market industry statistics. For example as I was researching for Maliah Miah into the restaurant industry, I had to browse ONS website and find the information that specific and relevant to my research which took I a bit of time. To improve this method I recommend using the search engine provided by ONS website to narrow down the information relevant and specific to your research. The reason this method needs improving is that it can be really time consuming to browse the ONS website for hours looking for information that is relevant to your research so it would be quicker using search engines to narrow down the information by typing into search engine bar. For example if youre looking for statistics related to the restaurant industry you would type restaurant industry which would return a hit and results elated to the restaurant industry and then pick out the information relevant to your research. Internet The strength of using the internet for your research is that you have access to wide range of information; its also fast and time efficient. The weakness of using internet if the information youre looking at is correct and up to date. To improve the method of using internet for your research , I would recommend checking the reliability of the information youre looking and cross check your results to make sure that they are correct , in addition also check the time and date the information was last updated or odified as this gives you an idea of the accuracy of the information. The reason you would need to improve this method is that if youre carrying out a research , your information needs to be reliable , up-to date and accurate and if its not your whole research ceases to be valid as it cannot be relied on to make decisions. Keynotes The strength of using keynotes for your research is that its reliable and accurate as its produced by the city of business in Moorgate. In addition it records trends over the years and since its collection of information its easy to analyse. The weakness of sing keynotes for your research are its time consuming to find specific information that is relevant to your research and also it may be expensive as you have to purchase it from the city of business library in Moorgate. My recommendation for improving keynotes as a method for your research would be to look at the index page and the contents page to find the relevant information that specific to your research. Using the index you can alphabetically pinpoint the information youre looking for and turn to that page to read about and implement the information into to your research. My Justification for improving this method is that it would easier and not time consuming to pinpoint and find the information that specific and relevant to your research. No one wants to sift through lots of information to find the date theyre looking for as this would not be time efficient method so using the index and contents page to find the information youre looking for would save time and make the researcher time efficient Stages of research The strength of the stages of the research is that its concise and easily laid out timeline which shows when each aspect of the research would be completed. For example stage one of the research which research brief would be completed by 5th march 2013 followed by stage two which should be completed a week later on 12th of march 2013. Stage two :Define the issue The strength of the stage two: define the issue is that youre able determine problem presented by your client and plan the ways you to solve those problems and carry out your research. Stage three: set objectives The strength of setting objectives is that it gives you an idea of you want to achieve by the end your research and also serves as guideline of what you need to cover throughout your research Stage four: write a research proposal plan of work The strength of writing research plan of work is that you as the researcher are able to specify the information you need to collect for your research and the timings for collecting each aspect of your data. Stage five: collection of data The strength of stage five is that youre able to gather the date you intended to collect for your research using the timings and the methods specified in stage four The strength of stage six is that once the researcher has collected his data, he is able to analyse and interpret the results from his research and also clarify the uantitative and qualitative data he acquired. Stage eight: Re-evaluate the market research The strength of stage 8 is that once the researcher has completed his research his able to look back in hindsight and look at anything that may have been missed or could have been done better as this could provide useful feedback for his next research and implement the things he could have done better and missed out. The weakness of using the stages of research time line is that one of aspect of the research stage may take longer than week which would mean the delaying of the other aspects of the research which would not be time efficient and cause onfusions. I will list the weakness of each aspect of the research below Stage two :Define the issue The weakness of defining the issue is that if the researcher does not truly understand what research to carry out, it will lead to the researcher undertaking inappropriate and irrelevant research that is not relevant to the client. Stage three: set objectives The weakness of setting objectives is that if its not realistic and measurable it cannot be achieved. In addition if the researcher does not clarify what needs to be covered, it could cause confusions and therefore cause delays in carrying out the research. The weakness of stage four is that if the researcher does not specify what information to collect , how its going to be collected and when to collect , it can cause confusion and delay the research therefore its paramount to establish the timings and the data that needs to collected. Stage five: collection of data The weakness of stage five is that if the researcher does not clarify the objectives and the data that needs to be collected it would lead to him collecting irrelevant information and unnecessary data. Stage six: Analysis and evaluation The weakness of stage six is that if the researcher has collected irrelevant and nnecessary data his research ceases to be valid therefore the client cannot trust the results of his research as its validity has been compromised. Stage eight : re-evaluate the market research There isnt any weakness in evaluating the market research as you are Just going back to your research to see if youVe missed anything that you needed to cover or any other aspect of the research you could have done better. My recommendation for improving using the stages of research would be to have trial run before you undertake or carry out your research as this not only prepares but also gives the esearcher an idea of how long each aspect of the research would take in terms of time. Stage two: Define the issue he completely understand the issues before carrying out his research. Stage three: My recommendation for improving stage three is that the researcher ensures that he is using the SMART method and clarifies all the objectives he needs to cover. My recommendation for improving stage four is that the researcher sets out a timeline covering all the information that needs to collected, when it needs to collected by and how its going to be collected. Stage five: collection of data My recommendation for improving stage five is that the researcher clarifies the objectives and which data needs to be collected. My recommendation for improving stage six is that the researcher avoids collecting irrelevant data by ensuring he understands which data needs to collected and the objectives he needs to cover. Stage eight : re-evaluate the market research My recommendation for improving stage eight is that the researcher ensures he covered all the objectives and collected the data to avoid missing anything. My Justifications for improving the stages of research method would be that its a ood idea for the researcher to first have trial run as it gives the researcher an idea of how much time stage of the research requires, this then allows the researcher to plan his research time efficiently and avoid delays and confusions. Stage two: Define the issue My Justification for improve stage two is that if the researcher completely understands the issues , he will be able to avoid carrying out irrelevant research that is not specific to his research and therefore the researcher does not waste his time undertaking irrelevant research. Stage three: set objectives My Justification for improving stage three is that if the researcher is using SMART method to set his objectives its realistic, measurable and therefore achievable and also if the researcher clarifies the objectives he needs to cover he is avoiding the confusions and the delay it would cause if he didnt. My Justification for improving stage four is that if the researcher sets out a time line covering the data that needs to be collected, when to collect the data and how its as it ensure the smooth undertaking of the research. Stage five: collection of data My Justification for improving stage five is that if the researcher clarifies his bjectives and the type of data that needs to be collected it helps him to avoid collecting irrelevant data therefore ensuring the validity of his research is not compromised. My Justification for improving stage six is that if the researcher ensures he completely understands the data the needs to be collected and the objectives he needs to cover will help him avoid collecting irrelevant data therefore not compromising the validity of his research. Stage eight : re-evaluate the market My Justification for improving stage eight is that if the researcher double checks and nsures he covered all the objectives and collected all the data will help him avoid missing anything and therefore making sure his research is completed. Conclusion In conclusion, I believe the marketing research methods of questionnaires, keynotes, internet, ONS and research stages are all paramount in assisting the researcher to efficiently and effectively to carry out his research and also asses the validity and accuracy of his research. in addition using the recommendation and Justifications I provided , the researcher will be able to better research data and ensure the validity and accuracy of his information is not compromised.

Internet Addiction and College students Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Internet Addiction and College students - Essay Example Tan (2001) said that the Internet use plays a major role in education for students as well as for the professionals to make things easier; it greatly enhances the learning and practices of individuals and that it is meant to cause students learning and their performance at their performance at the higher-level Mayer (2000). However, there are reports that reveal, there are negative effects brought by heavy Internet use on one's psychological wellbeing (Young, 2004). Anderson (2000) explained that, internet dependent students' average use reached about 29 minutes per day. These users utilize synchronous communication internet application nearly ten times more than the non-dependent students, who only spent an average of 3 minutes per day doing the same activities due to the fact that, users are able to get quality information from internet facilities (Asemi 2005). However, there are reports that reveal, there are negative effects brought by heavy Internet use on one's psychological wellbeing (Young, 2004), with 8% - 13% of undergraduates allegedly addicted to internet use. The said uses have resulted to impairment among individuals' psychological well-being, academic performance and peer and family interactions (Scherer, 1997 Young, 1998). Moreover, this phenomenon of extreme use has been known as "Internet addiction (Young, 2004) and "problematic Internet use" (Caplan, 2002 & Shapira, et. al. 2003).The American Psychologist Association has prescribed criteria as basis whether or not a person be diagnosed for internet addiction disorder, and these are as follows: (1) Tolerance, which refers to individual's need for increasing quantity of time consumed on the Internet for satisfaction purposes; (2) Two or more withdrawal symptoms that develop in days until one a month or even after; (3) Use of the Internet in order to alleviate or avoid withdr awal symptoms; (4) The Internet is repeatedly accessed more often; if not, for longer periods that the intended time; (5) The individual loss of an important relationship, or still at risk of losing; loss of job, educational or career opportunity due to the excessive use of the Internet, and several other reasons.Bratter and Forest (cited by Freeman, 1992) characterized addiction as "a behavior pattern of obsessive drug use due to overwhelming involvement. Psychologist Kimberly S. Young, investigation nearly 500 heavy Internet users by compared their behaviors. Using the clinical criteria formulated by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV and was also published by the American Psychiatric Association; results showed that, eighty percent (80%) of the participants were dependent Internet users. She further elaborated that, "internet use can disrupt an individual's social, academic, financial, and professional life just as the same with other well-documented add ictions" (Young, 1996). Psychodynamic and personality perspectives can be accounted for addiction during early childhood traumas, relationship with certain personality traits/disorders, as well as inherited psychological dispositions (Sue,

Fashion of Men's Clothing in the Culture of Qatar Essay

Fashion of Men's Clothing in the Culture of Qatar - Essay Example The essay "Fashion of Men's Clothing in the Culture of Qatar" presents a business plan for the foundation of a fashion company of men’s clothing in Qatar overviewing all the important aspect of the culture in this country. Qatar is endowed with huge reserves of natural resources and is currently one of the most developing countries in the world. It is important to study the culture of Qatar before venturing in the market.Qatar people associate American companies with high capitalism and high-profit motives. Qatar people prefer to establish good relationships before starting any serious business conversation. It is important to understand the norms and values of Qatar people, especially while interacting with people of the opposite gender. The business will have to use professionals to analyze the similarities and differences of US and Qatar culture. The personnel must be able to communicate Arabic using Qatari accent to easily gain acceptance by the local population. Qatar men take pride in their culture and traditional clothing. Men wear a long thou with stylish collars and buttons. During winter, men prefer either heavy fabric for the thous which are mainly gray, brown or black color. Young men prefer embroidered caps and cover their heads with folded square cloth. During ceremonial occasions, Qatar men wear a black-gold cloak and keep one hand free in order to allow for handshakes. During the winter, men also prefer woolen sleeveless waistcoat that mainly contains camel hair. (Torstrick 88). The target market The business will sell new men’s clothing fashion to Qatar people. The clothes will be customised to Qatar culture in order to attract a lot of demand. Qatar is endowed with large gas and oil reserves and the per capita GDP is one of the largest in the world. Qatar enjoys political stability and cordial relationships with the USA government. The country is favorable for US exports and has no foreign exchange controls and has allowe d 100 percent foreign ownership of businesses in some sectors such as health, education and exploitation of the natural resources. The business will benefit from expanded market, reduced business risks due to diversification and increased global recognition. Qatar market offers viable opportunity from fashion men’s clothing due toe increase in the number of citizens living in the urban areas (Orr 198). Marketing strategy The target market consists of Qatar men who prefer customized clothing. Due to the increasing educated young men who prefer western clothing that is customised to their culture, the business will experience minimal resistance in penetrating the market. Customer satisfaction is key to the success of the business thus good relationships will be maintained with all the customers. The business will use Arabic language in the media advertisements and advertising themes will not be offensive to Islamic religion. In addition, the color in the advertisements will hav e to be grey or white in order to appeal to the culture of Qatar. The marketing staff will follow Qatar norms since male staff will not be allowed to shake hands with female customers. The business will avoid giving free gifts to first time customers since free gifts in the first business transactions may be declined by the customers. The