Why Democracy Fail in Pakistan Essay Example for Free

Why Democracy Fail in Pakistan Essay Executive Summary – Pakistan has been in quest for stable democratic system from its very inception. The process of its democratization has been slow and passive. Its nature has remained fragile. It has been showing high vulnerability towards non democratic interventions. Besides, it has been easily falling prey to non civilian forces. As a result, Pakistan has been continuously failing to offer what a democracy promises. Such pathetic scenario has various reasons behind it at all three levels: State, government and society. This Essay attempts to pin point and analyze the reasons behind such fragile and weak nature of democracy in Pakistan and extends recommendations along with identifying various means and players especially youth for strengthening democratic process in Pakistan to make it promising and delivering. Introduction. – From very its start, Pakistan has choiced democratic form of government for itself. Its founders had ardently supported and emphasized for democratic system that could ideally permeate the governance structure and body politic of Pakistan; Quaid Azam Muhammd Ali Jinnah’s speech at the Staff College on June 14, 1948 is the witness of his staunch support for democracy as corresponding structure for the polity of Pakistan to make it people friendly and welfare state. However, it is an other fact that Quaid Azam Muhammd Ali Jinnah himself laid the foundation of non-democratic trends through centralizing structure of Muslim Leauge, dissolving non democratically Sindh Assembly and Ministry of Khan Sahab in NWFP in 1948 . Despite all this, what he choiced and dreamt for Pakistan about system is undoubtedly democracy. But unfortunately being constitutionally a democratic country, Pakistan entirely fails to offer what constitutional democracies offer viz, sovereign parliament, free, fair and regular elections, supremacy of constitution, independent Judiciary, rule of law, civilian control over the armed forces, political life free from military involvement, safety to minority rights, provision of basic human needs and guarantee of freedoms of movement, expression, association and assembly. Contrary to dreams ,hopes and promises ,What Pakistan offers is the chequered history of democracy and unstable democratic process. Ironically, the country’s constitution has been abrogated twice (1958 and 1969) and suspended thrice (1977, 1999 and 2007) . More than half of its political life has been encroached by military generals. Five elected governments have been removed by army. Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto, the founder of political vibrancy, mass based politics and giver of Atomic power to Pakistan was ruthlessly executed through judicial murder. Ex-prime ministers, and Nawaz Sharif and Benazir Bhutto were exiled. Causes: Nothing exists without any reason in universe; creation of everything carries reason with itself. More ever, According to principle of â€Å"Cause and Effect† unless the root causes of any problem are not accurately identified and thoroughly diagnosed, problem can’t be solved on sustainable basis. Therefore, let’s find and discuss the causes behind such weak, vulnerable and dented face and status of democracy in Pakistan and try to reach at workable solutions. Colonial Inheritances and Institutional Imbalance. From time of its very creation, Pakistan has been experiencing institutional imbalance. Its roots go back to British period. Pakistan inherited administrative, political and legal legacies of British period . From political and adminstrative legacies point of view, Pakistan inherited high institutional imbalance characterized with strong and organized civil and military bureaucracies, weak1 Political institutions and non-democratic political parties. As a result, it lacked strong, dynamic and sustainable political institutions which could hold regular elections based on universal franchise, could build trust of masses into democracy, could protect democratic process against constitutional transgression and could provide a conducive environment for democracy to flourish and could correspond to desires and aspirations of masses. Muslim Leauge which is credited to creation of Pakistan was a movement not a well-structured and deeply rooted political entity2 that could offer post partition program, could counter the power of army and bureaucracy and could offer corresponding structure to desires and needs of masses after the partition. Besides, League was non democratic in its nature led by elitists3. Consequently, It could not produce first line aswell second line leadership embedded with love for democratic norms and values in particular and overall democratic culture in general . In this backdrop, administrative supremacy coupled with absence of elections based on universal franchise4 in particular and lack of democratic culture and process in general facilitated bureaucrats to rein the country from 1947 to 1958. Their periods is characterized with dummy and rubber stamped parliaments, abrupt and non democratic dissolutions of assemblies, political intrigues, bickering and quarrelling, inefficiency, abrupt and fast changes of regimes.

Comparing Two Seafood Restaurants :: comparison compare contrast essays

Comparing Two Seafood Restaurants From a succulent fresh lobster tail to a mouth-watering red snapper filet, everyone loves some type of seafood. The residents of our city are lucky, restaurants specializing in seafood are plentiful. Many locals consider Pappadeux and Joe's Crab Shack to be the best. Although they both serve wonderful, fresh seafood, the differences in the menu, the service, and the overall atmosphere set them apart from one another. Pappadeux offers elegant, elaborate dishes on its menu, while the food described on the menu of Joe's Crab Shack is the sort which tastes best when accompanied by an ice-cold beer and a large plate of french fries. For example, my favorite meal at Pappadeux consists of a flaky filet of red snapper blackened in hot Cajun spices and smothered in a rich Bearnaise sauce. It is then topped with lightly sauted crawfish tails and mushrooms. Once this concoction touches the tongue, it simply melts. On the other hand, Joe's Crab Shack has been made famous for its barbecued crabs. The cook begins by slowly cooking small dungeoness crabs in a large barbecue pit. Once the crabs have been seared to perfection, the cook tosses them on a large tray, and they are ready for presentation. The waiter then serves these divine crabs with a hammer, a bib, and a roll of paper towels. After pounding on the shell for five minutes, the lucky diner discovers a piece of crab meat which, like the sna pper filet, melts in the mouth. Distinguishing each restaurant further is the service; although it is impeccable at both Pappadeaux and Joe's Crab Shack, the manner in which one is served varies greatly. When dining at the classy Pappadeux, each patron is greeted by an exquisitely dressed staff. The waitstaff is clad in black slacks, white tuxedo shirts, and classic bow ties, while the hostess dons an elegant dress. The staff greets each diner with the traditional "ma'am" and "sir" and treats her or him with the utmost respect and dignity. In contrast, at the relaxed Joe's Crab Shack the entire staff wears t-shirts and shorts or jeans and treats everyone as if they are life-long friends; greeting patrons with "Hey! How's it going?

Character Flaws of “Romeo and Juliet” Essay

Romeo and Juliet is one of Shakespeare’s plays about tragedy. It is about two lovers who commit suicide when their family rivalries prevent them from being together. The play has many characters, each with its own role in keeping the plot line. Some characters have very little to do with the plot. Many characters do not have much time on stage but their parts are crucial to the plot of the story. Some of the character flaws in this play are the reason why â€Å"The Tragedy of Romeo and Juliet† is a tragedy. One of Friar Lawrence’s most favorable traits is how good intentioned he is. For example, when he says â€Å"In one respect I’ll thy assistant be; for this alliance may so happy prove, to turn your households rancour to pure love, (II. iii. 92-94)† he is saying that the only reason he will marry Romeo and Juliet is because he hopes that the marriage will end the hostilities between the two houses. Friar Lawrence is also a man who is not afraid to take risks when he feels it is necessary to help someone. For example, in II. vi., when he marries Romeo and Juliet, he is risking his reputation as a Friar so he can help the two lovers. Also, when he says â€Å"Take thou this vial, being then in bed, and this distilled liquor drink though off;† (IV. i.), he is suggesting that Juliet drink a potion so that she might fake her own death and avoid marrying Paris. This is an extremely risky thing to do because he does not know what will happen when Juliet is unconsci ous. Unfortunately, for all his good intentions the play still ends in tragedy. In Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet the adults betray Juliet because they are unable to understand her. Juliet’s parents, Capulet and Lady Capulet, fail to understand Juliet’s decision not to marry Paris. The Nurse fails Juliet by not supporting Juliet’s decision to remain married to Romeo. These misunderstandings cause the adults to betray Juliet. The first to betray Juliet is her parents, Capulet and Lady Capulet. Capulet decides to marry Juliet to Paris. When Juliet refuses to do so, Capulet threatens to disown her. â€Å"†¦you shall not house with me,† (III, v, 200) he states. Capulet will only forgive her if she will consent to her father’s decision â€Å"†¦I’ll give you to my friend./An you be not hang, beg, starve, die in the streets.†Ã‚  (III, v, 203-204) His wife, upon hearing Juliet’s decision against marrying to Paris, refuses to give Juliet counsel. â€Å"Talk not to me, for I’ll not speak a wo rd./Do as thou wilt for I have done with thee.† (III, v, 214-215) Lady Capulet is angered by Juliet’s choice and wishes. Juliet’s parents betray Juliet by not supporting Juliet on her decisions. Capulet and Lady Capulet do not know Juliet is married to Romeo, a fact that may have altered the outcome of this play. In this play, Romeo’s tragic flaw is that he is always melancholy, miserable, and downcast, and Romeo is always in love. After he meets Juliet, he is very sad because he discovers that she is a Capulet. Shortly after, he is banished from Verona and is very downcast once again over the fact that he will not be able is see Juliet ever again. Romeo is so extremely in love that he says that instead of being banished, he would rather be dead. When Friar Laurence gives Romeo the news of his banishment, Romeo replies by saying â€Å"Ha, banishment! Be merciful, say â€Å"death†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬  (III. iii. 12). Romeo feels that â€Å"There is no world outside of Verona walls, / But purgatory, torture hell itself†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (III. iii. 17-18). Romeo is so much in love with Juliet that he wants to kill himself when he discovers that she is dead. Romeo causes the death of Mercutio and Tybalt. If Romeo was not trying to make peace with Tybalt, Mercutio would not have tried to defend Romeo. Mercutio feels that Romeo is afraid to fight Tybalt and he wants to defend him. Romeo only wishes to make peace with Tybalt because now he is a relative of his. Paris dies by trying to defend the Capulets tomb from Romeo. Paris feels that Romeo has come to the tomb â€Å"†¦to do some villainous shame / To the dead bodies†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (V. iii. 52-53) and dies trying to defend Juliet and the Capulets. Had Romeo not been so quick to try and solve the problems his own way, the play would have changed drastically. Had the characters of this play not acted in the way they did, too loving, not loving enough or not understanding enough, the outcome of this play could have been completely different. We must however realize that this is just a play and by most peoples aspect, one of the greatest love stories every told.

The Worst Form Of Inequality - 1096 Words

The worst form of inequality is to make unequal things equal. African life is one of starvation uncertainty and hardship. Societies in First World Countries have what they need, even people who live below the poverty line have access to government assistance, and emergency health care. Third world or Developing countries have numerous social issues among them poverty, War, lack of healthcare, and corruption. Developing countries are defined by per Capital Gross National Income, 11,905 dollars or lower is considered a developing country. Many of the developing countries of the world are in Africa. It is estimated that two million people in Africa die from AIDS each year, thousands more from other illnesses like Tuberculosis and Malaria. The†¦show more content†¦Other countries thought of working with the country that colonized them was wrong but lacked capital, and skilled workers, eventually making colonial like deals or trading guns for goods. All Africa’s problems cannot be blamed on the decolonization. Foreign aid could be a game changer if intentions were transparent and generous. Studies show that most money collected by charities does not make it outside the charities country, due to high paid salaries and overhead. Lending by the International Money Fund and the World Bank who stated mission was to â€Å"Help Solve† putting prescribed severe economic and fiscal measures in place through structural adjustment programs; which wound up deteriorating what progress Africa had made, by cutting health care funding, and eradicating trade barriers. Taxing exports was how African countries got the little money they had. Now not only do they not have the money from exports but they have loans with around sixty conditions tied to them. There is conjecture that the World Bank and International Money Fund have become the creditors of Africa, using owed debt as leverage, controlling future economic changes. 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